It reduces the duration of embolization procedures and improves the confidence level of beginners in embolization. The liquid embolization simulator proposed here is a suitable educational tool for training embolization procedures. In the novice group the self-reported confidence level significantly increased ( p = .001).
The overall simulation of the embolization process, simulated complications, and educational capabilities of the simulator were evaluated positively. mean duration embolization between experts (mean ± standard deviation = 189 ± 42 s) and novices (mean ± standard deviation = 235 ± 66 s) were significantly different ( p = .001). Based on the surveys, the experts assessed the simulator as very useful for embolization training. The novices were medical students and radiology residents without any previous experience with embolization. The experts were radiology residents and fellows with at least 5 years of work experience in interventional radiology. Resultsįive experts and twelve novices trained on the simulator. Subsequently, the participants completed surveys on self-reported confidence level and assessed the simulator’s face and content validity. The participants were shown an instruction video and each participant performed four embolizations on the simulator.
Before an embolization, trainees completed questionnaires regarding their level of expertise and self-reported confidence level.
LIQUID SIMULATION SOFTWARE
The simulator was created using computer-aided design software and three-dimensionally printed.
To design a simulator for novices without prior experience in embolization with liquid agents such as n-Butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) and to evaluate the simulator using surveys and post hoc video analysis.